需求

我的Oracle Database Vagrant Box初始版本為19.3，需要升級到最新的RU，當前為19.22。

以下操作時間為為2024年2月5日。

補丁下載

補丁下載文檔參見MOS文檔：Primary Note for Database Proactive Patch Program (Doc ID 888.1)。

補丁安裝文檔參見文檔(鏈接在下載頁面中)：Patch 35943157 - Database Release Update 19.22.0.0.240116

也可以從MOS的“Patch & Updates”標簽頁中下載：

結果中的Patch 35943157即我們需要的：

停止數據庫和監(jiān)聽

斷開所有與數據庫的連接，如應用，如管理客戶端（Oracle EM, SQL Developer等）。

停止數據庫：

shutdown immediate

停止監(jiān)聽：

lsnrctl stop

備份Oracle Home

參考MOS文檔: How to Perform ORACLE_HOME Backup? (Doc ID 565017.1)

以oracle用戶執(zhí)行以下腳本：

# 創(chuàng)建備份目錄
mkdir ~/backup
# 本例中的ORACLE_HOME為/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1
cd $ORACLE_HOME
# 切換到上一級目錄：/opt/oracle/product/19c
cd ..
# 啟動備份
tar -pcvf ~/backup/oracle_home_bkup.tar dbhome_1

備份文件約7.4G：

$ ls -l ~/backup/
total 7248532
-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 7422494720 Feb  5 13:42 oracle_home_bkup.tar

安裝最新版的OPatch

下載OPatch 12.2.0.1.41 for DB 19.0.0.0.0 (Jan 2024)，約120M。

$ ls -l /vagrant/p6880880_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 vagrant vagrant 127629034 Feb  5 13:58 /vagrant/p6880880_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip

升級過程參見Oracle數據庫升級OPatch全過程。

升級完成后：

$ opatch version
OPatch Version: 12.2.0.1.41OPatch succeeded.

安裝OJVM補丁

詳見MOS 文檔：Oracle Recommended Patches – “Oracle JavaVM Component Database PSU and Update” (OJVM PSU and OJVM Update) Patches (Doc ID 1929745.1)

實際下載是從MOS文檔：Primary Note for Database Proactive Patch Program (Doc ID 888.1)

然后搜索OJVM即可。補丁約120M:

$ ls -l /vagrant/p35926646_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 vagrant vagrant 127451050 Feb  5 14:21 /vagrant/p35926646_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip

升級文檔參見Patch 35926646 - Oracle JavaVM Component Release Update 19.22.0.0.240116。

PATCHDIR=/home/oracle/patchdir
mkdir $PATCHDIR
unzip -d $PATCHDIR /vagrant/p35926646_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip
cd $PATCHDIR/35926646 
opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph ./ 
# 如果上面的先決條件檢測通過，則可以安裝補丁
opatch apply

安裝過程如下：

[oracle@oracle-19c-vagrant 35926646]$ opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph ./
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.41
Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.PREREQ sessionOracle Home       : /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /opt/oracle/oraInventoryfrom           : /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version    : 12.2.0.1.41
OUI version       : 12.2.0.7.0
Log file location : /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2024-02-05_14-25-44PM_1.logInvoking prereq "checkconflictagainstohwithdetail"Prereq "checkConflictAgainstOHWithDetail" passed.OPatch succeeded.
[oracle@oracle-19c-vagrant 35926646]$ opatch apply
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.41
Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.Oracle Home       : /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /opt/oracle/oraInventoryfrom           : /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version    : 12.2.0.1.41
OUI version       : 12.2.0.7.0
Log file location : /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2024-02-05_14-26-37PM_1.logVerifying environment and performing prerequisite checks...
OPatch continues with these patches:   35926646Do you want to proceed? [y|n]
y
User Responded with: Y
All checks passed.Please shutdown Oracle instances running out of this ORACLE_HOME on the local system.
(Oracle Home = '/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1')Is the local system ready for patching? [y|n]
y
User Responded with: Y
Backing up files...
Applying interim patch '35926646' to OH '/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1'Patching component oracle.javavm.server, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.javavm.server.core, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.rdbms.dbscripts, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.rdbms, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.javavm.client, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patch 35926646 successfully applied.
Log file location: /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2024-02-05_14-26-37PM_1.logOPatch succeeded.

還有一些后續(xù)工作：

connect / as sysdba
startup
alter pluggable database all open;
quit

執(zhí)行安裝后腳本，datapatch 是一款新工具，可實現 RDBMS 補丁的補丁后 SQL 操作自動化：

cd $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
./datapatch -verbose

如果都正常，則執(zhí)行以下腳本：

cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
sqlplus /nolog
SQL> CONNECT / AS SYSDBA
SQL> @utlrp.sql

然后關閉數據庫。

shutdown immediate

這個補丁安裝的時間有點長。如果是新庫，最好是打完補丁再建庫，而非建完庫再打補丁。

安裝數據庫補丁

因為我沒有GI，所以僅升級數據庫就好。

補丁約1.8G：

$ ls -l /vagrant/p35943157_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 vagrant vagrant 1817908992 Feb  5 13:29 /vagrant/p35943157_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip

解壓：

PATCHDIR=/home/oracle/patchdir
# 解壓完大約3.6G
unzip -qd $PATCHDIR /vagrant/p35943157_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip
cd $PATCHDIR/35943157
opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph ./
# 如果上面的先決條件檢測通過，則可以安裝補丁
opatch apply

先決條件檢查確實通過了：

$ opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph ./
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.41
Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.PREREQ sessionOracle Home       : /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /opt/oracle/oraInventoryfrom           : /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version    : 12.2.0.1.41
OUI version       : 12.2.0.7.0
Log file location : /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2024-02-05_15-10-48PM_1.logInvoking prereq "checkconflictagainstohwithdetail"Prereq "checkConflictAgainstOHWithDetail" passed.OPatch succeeded.

但第一次安裝卻失敗了，因為空間不夠：

[oracle@oracle-19c-vagrant 35943157]$ time opatch apply
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.41
Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.Oracle Home       : /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /opt/oracle/oraInventoryfrom           : /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version    : 12.2.0.1.41
OUI version       : 12.2.0.7.0
Log file location : /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2024-02-05_15-12-31PM_1.logVerifying environment and performing prerequisite checks...
Prerequisite check "CheckSystemSpace" failed.
The details are:
Required amount of space(7550.384MB) is not available.
UtilSession failed:
Prerequisite check "CheckSystemSpace" failed.
Log file location: /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2024-02-05_15-12-31PM_1.logOPatch failed with error code 73

空間問題處理完后，再次安裝：

$ time opatch apply
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.41
Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.Oracle Home       : /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /opt/oracle/oraInventoryfrom           : /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version    : 12.2.0.1.41
OUI version       : 12.2.0.7.0
Log file location : /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2024-02-05_15-41-25PM_1.logVerifying environment and performing prerequisite checks...
OPatch continues with these patches:   35943157Do you want to proceed? [y|n]
y
User Responded with: Y
All checks passed.Please shutdown Oracle instances running out of this ORACLE_HOME on the local system.
(Oracle Home = '/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1')Is the local system ready for patching? [y|n]
y
User Responded with: Y
Backing up files...
Applying interim patch '35943157' to OH '/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1'
ApplySession: Optional component(s) [ oracle.network.gsm, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.crypto.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.pg4mq, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.precomp.companion, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.rdbms.ic, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.rdbms.tg4db2, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.tfa, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.rdbms.tg4tera, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.network.cman, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.options.olap, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.oid.client, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.xdk.companion, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.options.olap.api, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.rdbms.tg4ifmx, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.rdbms.tg4sybs, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.rdbms.tg4msql, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.ons.eons.bwcompat, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.ons.cclient, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.sdo.companion, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.net.cman, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.pg4appc, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.jdk, 1.8.0.191.0 ]  not present in the Oracle Home or a higher version is found.Patching component oracle.rdbms, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.rdbms.util, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.rdbms.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.assistants.acf, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.assistants.deconfig, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.assistants.server, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.blaslapack, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.buildtools.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.ctx, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.dbdev, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.dbjava.ic, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.dbjava.jdbc, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.dbjava.ucp, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.duma, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.javavm.client, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.ldap.owm, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.ldap.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.ldap.security.osdt, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.marvel, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.network.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.odbc.ic, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.ons, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.ons.ic, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.oracore.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.perlint, 5.28.1.0.0...Patching component oracle.precomp.common.core, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.precomp.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.rdbms.crs, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.rdbms.dbscripts, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.rdbms.deconfig, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.rdbms.oci, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.rdbms.rsf.ic, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.rdbms.scheduler, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.rhp.db, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.sdo, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.sdo.locator.jrf, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.sqlplus, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.sqlplus.ic, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.wwg.plsql, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.xdk.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.install.deinstalltool, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.sdo.locator, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.rdbms.install.plugins, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.dbtoolslistener, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.xdk, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.rdbms.drdaas, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.xdk.xquery, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.rdbms.rman, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.network.client, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.rdbms.hs_common, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.nlsrtl.rsf.lbuilder, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.oraolap.dbscripts, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.mgw.common, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.rdbms.dv, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.ldap.ssl, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.xdk.parser.java, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.ctx.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.rdbms.lbac, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.rdbms.hsodbc, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.ctx.atg, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.oraolap, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.oraolap.api, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.odbc, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.ldap.client, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.nlsrtl.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.rdbms.install.common, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.ovm, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.network.listener, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.ldap.rsf.ic, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.javavm.server, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.precomp.lang, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.precomp.common, 19.0.0.0.0...Patching component oracle.jdk, 1.8.0.201.0...
Patch 35943157 successfully applied.
Sub-set patch [29517242] has become inactive due to the application of a super-set patch [35943157].
Please refer to Doc ID 2161861.1 for any possible further required actions.
Log file location: /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2024-02-05_15-41-25PM_1.logOPatch succeeded.real    36m32.647s
user    20m16.850s
sys     9m43.814s

成功，耗時半小時。

以上安裝是交互式的，中間有兩處需要用戶輸入Y或N?？梢灾付?silent選項以靜默運行。

補丁安裝后的操作：

connect / as sysdba
startup
alter pluggable database all open;
quit

執(zhí)行腳本：

cd $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
./datapatch -verbose

輸出如下：

$ time ./datapatch -verbose
SQL Patching tool version 19.22.0.0.0 Production on Mon Feb  5 21:09:00 2024
Copyright (c) 2012, 2024, Oracle.  All rights reserved.Log file for this invocation: /opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/sqlpatch_5704_2024_02_05_21_09_00/sqlpatch_invocation.logConnecting to database...OK
Gathering database info...doneNote:  Datapatch will only apply or rollback SQL fixes for PDBsthat are in an open state, no patches will be applied to closed PDBs.Please refer to Note: Datapatch: Database 12c Post Patch SQL Automation(Doc ID 1585822.1)Bootstrapping registry and package to current versions...done
Determining current state...doneCurrent state of interim SQL patches:
Interim patch 35926646 (OJVM RELEASE UPDATE: 19.22.0.0.240116 (35926646)):Binary registry: InstalledPDB CDB$ROOT: Applied successfully on 05-FEB-24 02.55.32.207669 PMPDB ORCLPDB1: Applied successfully on 05-FEB-24 02.55.33.974523 PMPDB PDB$SEED: Applied successfully on 05-FEB-24 02.55.33.368845 PMCurrent state of release update SQL patches:Binary registry:19.22.0.0.0 Release_Update 240104023954: InstalledPDB CDB$ROOT:Applied 19.3.0.0.0 Release_Update 190410122720 successfully on 11-JAN-24 04.17.24.530288 PMPDB ORCLPDB1:Applied 19.3.0.0.0 Release_Update 190410122720 successfully on 11-JAN-24 04.24.22.690150 PMPDB PDB$SEED:Applied 19.3.0.0.0 Release_Update 190410122720 successfully on 11-JAN-24 04.24.22.690150 PMAdding patches to installation queue and performing prereq checks...done
Installation queue:For the following PDBs: CDB$ROOT PDB$SEED ORCLPDB1No interim patches need to be rolled backPatch 35943157 (Database Release Update : 19.22.0.0.240116 (35943157)):Apply from 19.3.0.0.0 Release_Update 190410122720 to 19.22.0.0.0 Release_Update 240104023954No interim patches need to be appliedInstalling patches...
Patch installation complete.  Total patches installed: 3Validating logfiles...done
Patch 35943157 apply (pdb CDB$ROOT): SUCCESSlogfile: /opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/35943157/25527362/35943157_apply_ORCLCDB_CDBROOT_2024Feb05_21_09_27.log (no errors)
Patch 35943157 apply (pdb PDB$SEED): SUCCESSlogfile: /opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/35943157/25527362/35943157_apply_ORCLCDB_PDBSEED_2024Feb05_21_16_01.log (no errors)
Patch 35943157 apply (pdb ORCLPDB1): SUCCESSlogfile: /opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/35943157/25527362/35943157_apply_ORCLCDB_ORCLPDB1_2024Feb05_21_16_01.log (no errors)
SQL Patching tool complete on Mon Feb  5 21:27:20 2024real    18m19.684s
user    0m33.220s
sys     0m3.595s

這里有一個小插曲，第一次執(zhí)行datapatch 時非常慢，我強行中斷了。

然后回家又做了一遍，這次快些了，只用了18分鐘。

執(zhí)行datapatch時，解壓的數據庫補丁我已經刪除了，說明其不需要了。

其他

RMAN catalog如果有，也需要升級。我沒有，此處略。
還有一些可能需要升級的，詳見文檔。

驗證升級成功

SQL> select banner_full from v$version;BANNER_FULL
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.22.0.0.0SQL> select banner_legacy from v$version;BANNER_LEGACY
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production

清理

# 刪除備份的Oracle Home
rm ~/backup/oracle_home_bkup.tar
# 刪除解壓的補丁包
PATCHDIR=/home/oracle/patchdir
rm -fr $PATCHDIR